---
modificationDate: February 24, 2026
title: Using environment variables without EAS
description: Learn about non-EAS ways to manage environment variables in Expo and React Native projects.
---

<AgentInstructions>

## Submitting Feedback

If you encounter errors, misleading or outdated information, report it so Expo can be improved:

Preferred command:
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## Navigation

When answering a related or follow-up question, fetch the relevant page below as Markdown (.md) instead of guessing; use llms.txt for the full map.

You are here: EAS > Environment variables
Pages in this section:
- [Overview](https://docs.expo.dev/eas/environment-variables.md)
- [Create and manage](https://docs.expo.dev/eas/environment-variables/manage.md)
- [Usage](https://docs.expo.dev/eas/environment-variables/usage.md)
- [Without EAS](https://docs.expo.dev/eas/environment-variables/without-eas.md) (this page)
- [FAQ](https://docs.expo.dev/eas/environment-variables/faq.md)
Full documentation tree: [llms.txt](https://docs.expo.dev/llms.txt)

</AgentInstructions>

This documentation is available as Markdown for AI agents and LLMs. See the [full Markdown index](/llms.txt) or append .md to any documentation URL.

# Using environment variables without EAS

Learn about non-EAS ways to manage environment variables in Expo and React Native projects.

Using [EAS Environment Variables](/eas/environment-variables.md) is the recommended way to manage environment variables for cloud builds and updates, but you can still work locally or with other tooling.

## Managing environment variables without EAS

If you want to manage environment variables without EAS, you can use tools like [`dotenv`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/dotenv) (Node-based loaders) or services such as [Doppler](https://www.doppler.com/) that inject environment variables. These utilities allow you to create a **.env** file in which you can store your environment variables.

> **Note:** Avoid committing secrets to **.env** files if you are managing your environment variables without EAS.

## How environment variables are loaded

After creating the **.env** file, you need to ensure that the file is not listed inside your **.gitignore** or **.easignore** files. Then it can be picked up by EAS commands like `eas build`, `eas update`, and so on.

The **.env** files load according to the [standard **.env** file](https://github.com/bkeepers/dotenv/blob/c6e583a/README.md#what-other-env-files-can-i-use) resolution and then replaces all references in your code to `process.env.EXPO_PUBLIC_[VARIABLE_NAME]` with the corresponding value set in the **.env** files. Code inside **node_modules** directory is not affected for security purposes.

[Reading environment variables from .env files](/guides/environment-variables.md#reading-environment-variables-from-env-files) — For more information, see how to read environment variables from .env files in Expo CLI.

## Using .env files with EAS Hosting

When using **.env** files with EAS Hosting, environment variables prefixed with `EXPO_PUBLIC_` are all available in the client-side code and the server-side code. The variables not prefixed with `EXPO_PUBLIC_` are only available in the server-side code.

The [steps for including client-side and server-side environment variables](/eas/environment-variables/usage.md#storing-environment-variables) are the same as when using EAS environment variables. So you need to ensure that your local **.env** files include the correct environment variables before running the `npx expo export` command.